Answers to Questions About Independence in Contingency Tables

1. Sex and Sports Activity are not independent. They are associated. Men are relatively more likely to be golfers and women are relatively more likely to be swimmers.

2. Political Affiliation and Attitude Toward School Choice are independent. One is 50% liely to favor school choice whether a Democrat or a Republican.

3. Sex and Handedness are independent or not associated because a person is 11% likely to be left-handed whether a boy or a girl.